<html xmlns:v="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:vml" xmlns:o="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:office" xmlns:w="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:word" xmlns:x="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:excel" xmlns:p="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:powerpoint" xmlns:a="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:access" xmlns:dt="uuid:C2F41010-65B3-11d1-A29F-00AA00C14882" xmlns:s="uuid:BDC6E3F0-6DA3-11d1-A2A3-00AA00C14882" xmlns:rs="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:rowset" xmlns:z="#RowsetSchema" xmlns:b="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:publisher" xmlns:ss="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:spreadsheet" xmlns:c="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:component:spreadsheet" xmlns:odc="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:odc" xmlns:oa="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:activation" xmlns:html="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40" xmlns:q="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:rtc="http://microsoft.com/officenet/conferencing" xmlns:D="DAV:" xmlns:Repl="http://schemas.microsoft.com/repl/" xmlns:mt="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/meetings/" xmlns:x2="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/excel/2003/xml" xmlns:ppda="http://www.passport.com/NameSpace.xsd" xmlns:ois="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/ois/" xmlns:dir="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/directory/" xmlns:ds="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#" xmlns:dsp="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/dsp" xmlns:udc="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:sub="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/2002/1/alerts/" xmlns:ec="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#" xmlns:sp="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/" xmlns:sps="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:udcs="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc/soap" xmlns:udcxf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc/xmlfile" xmlns:udcp2p="http://schemas.microsoft.com/data/udc/parttopart" xmlns:wf="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/workflow/" xmlns:dsss="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2006/digsig-setup" xmlns:dssi="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2006/digsig" xmlns:mdssi="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/digital-signature" xmlns:mver="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/office/2004/12/omml" xmlns:mrels="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/package/2006/relationships" xmlns:spwp="http://microsoft.com/sharepoint/webpartpages" xmlns:ex12t="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/services/2006/types" xmlns:ex12m="http://schemas.microsoft.com/exchange/services/2006/messages" xmlns:pptsl="http://schemas.microsoft.com/sharepoint/soap/SlideLibrary/" xmlns:spsl="http://microsoft.com/webservices/SharePointPortalServer/PublishedLinksService" xmlns:Z="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:" xmlns:st="" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40">
<head>
<meta http-equiv=Content-Type content="text/html; charset=us-ascii">
<meta name=Generator content="Microsoft Word 12 (filtered medium)">
<style>
<!--
/* Font Definitions */
@font-face
{font-family:Calibri;
panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Tahoma;
panose-1:2 11 6 4 3 5 4 4 2 4;}
@font-face
{font-family:Consolas;
panose-1:2 11 6 9 2 2 4 3 2 4;}
/* Style Definitions */
p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal
{margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";}
a:link, span.MsoHyperlink
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:blue;
text-decoration:underline;}
a:visited, span.MsoHyperlinkFollowed
{mso-style-priority:99;
color:purple;
text-decoration:underline;}
p.MsoPlainText, li.MsoPlainText, div.MsoPlainText
{mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Plain Text Char";
margin:0in;
margin-bottom:.0001pt;
font-size:10.5pt;
font-family:Consolas;}
span.PlainTextChar
{mso-style-name:"Plain Text Char";
mso-style-priority:99;
mso-style-link:"Plain Text";
font-family:Consolas;}
span.EmailStyle19
{mso-style-type:personal;
font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";
color:#1F497D;}
span.EmailStyle21
{mso-style-type:personal-reply;
font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D;}
.MsoChpDefault
{mso-style-type:export-only;
font-size:10.0pt;}
@page Section1
{size:8.5in 11.0in;
margin:1.0in 1.0in 1.0in 1.0in;}
div.Section1
{page:Section1;}
-->
</style>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapedefaults v:ext="edit" spidmax="1026" />
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<o:shapelayout v:ext="edit">
<o:idmap v:ext="edit" data="1" />
</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]-->
</head>
<body lang=EN-US link=blue vlink=purple>
<div class=Section1>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>What about pharmaceutical disposal via the sewers and leachate
leaking directly into the ground and surface waters, landfills do leak.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Damon M.K. Taam<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Spokane Regional Solid Waste System<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>221 N. Wall, Suite 410<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>Spokane, WA 99201<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>(509) 625-6580 Office<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>(509) 625-6537 Fax<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>dtaam@spokanecity.org<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'>www.solidwaste.org<br>
<br>
<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";
color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style='border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0in 0in 0in'>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> pharmwaste-bounces@lists.dep.state.fl.us
[mailto:pharmwaste-bounces@lists.dep.state.fl.us] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Tenace,
Laurie<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Wednesday, July 07, 2010 10:33 AM<br>
<b>To:</b> pharmwaste@lists.dep.state.fl.us<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Pharmwaste] FW: 99.9% of drugs in water are from excretion <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div>
<div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Several months
ago a list serve member mentioned that 99.9% of active pharmaceutical
ingredient surface water releases were from patient excretion. I stumbled
across this reference to that number the other day:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>page 69 of <a
href="http://nepis.epa.gov/EPA/html/DLwait.htm?url=/Adobe/PDF/P1001AWF.PDF">http://nepis.epa.gov/EPA/html/DLwait.htm?url=/Adobe/PDF/P1001AWF.PDF</a>
(or section 6.3)<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>EPA performed a literature search
for studies or reports on pharmaceuticals disposed of in landfills. EPA found
that in 2007, the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA)
evaluated the potential for 24 active pharmaceutical ingredients to leach from
MSW landfills and their potential releases to surface water (Tischler, 2007).
PhRMA compared the modeled landfill leachate releases to estimates of surface
water releases from disposal of unused pharmaceuticals down the drain. PhRMA
selected the 24 example pharmaceutical ingredients to represent a range of
sales per year in the U.S. (i.e., high quantities and low quantities) and a
range of physical-chemical properties. These pharmaceutical ingredients were
also evaluated in the 2002 USGS study of pharmaceuticals in surface waters
(Kolpin et al., 2002).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>The PhRMA study calculated that
the landfill disposal pathway to surface water accounted for an average of
0.03% to 0.10% of the estimated aggregate annual surface water releases for the
24 active pharmaceutical ingredients. Therefore, the study estimated that over <span
style='background:yellow;mso-highlight:yellow'>99.9% of active pharmaceutical
ingredient surface water releases would be due to patient excretion</span>, not
landfill disposal of unused medicines, assuming that landfill disposal were
used for all unused medicine disposal. The evaluation was based on the
assumption that the efficiency of the pharmaceuticals partitioning to solids in
the landfill is 50% of the efficiency of partitioning in a biological
wastewater treatment unit (Tischler, 2007).<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Laurie Tenace<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Environmental Specialist<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Waste Reduction Section<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Florida Department of
Environmental Protection<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>2600 Blair Stone Rd., MS 4555<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Tallahassee FL 32399-2400<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>P: 850.245.8759<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>F: 850.245.8811<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Laurie.Tenace@dep.state.fl.us
<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Mercury: http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/categories/mercury/default.htm<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Batteries:
http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/categories/batteries/default.htm<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Pharmaceuticals: <o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/categories/medications/default.htm<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>To join the Pharmwaste listserve:
http://lists.dep.state.fl.us/cgi-bin/mailman/listinfo/pharmwaste<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>Household Hazardous Waste:<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'>http://www.dep.state.fl.us/waste/categories/hazardous/pages/household.htm<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-bottom:12.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></p>
</div>
<div>
<p class=MsoNormal><em><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>The
Department of Environmental Protection values your feedback as a customer. DEP
Secretary Michael W. Sole is committed to continuously assessing and improving
the level and quality of services provided to you. Please take a few minutes to
comment on the quality of service you received. Simply click on <a
href="http://survey.dep.state.fl.us/?refemail=Laurie.Tenace@dep.state.fl.us"
target="_blank">this link to the DEP Customer Survey</a>. Thank you in advance
for completing the survey.</span></em><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:
"Courier New"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>