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<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'>Post from a
nonmember<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><span style='font-size:11.0pt;color:#1F497D'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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<DIV STYLE="FONT-SIZE: 9pt; FONT-FAMILY: Courier New"><EM><FONT FACE="Arial" SIZE="2">The Department of Environmental Protection values your feedback as a customer. DEP Secretary Michael W. Sole is committed to continuously assessing and improving the level and quality of services provided to you. Please take a few minutes to comment on the quality of service you received. Simply click on <A HREF="http://survey.dep.state.fl.us/?refemail=Laurie.Tenace@dep.state.fl.us" TARGET="_blank">this link to the DEP Customer Survey</A>. Thank you in advance for completing the survey.</FONT></EM></DIV>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> Hannon, Pat
[mailto:Patricia.Hannon@des.nh.gov] <br>
<b>Sent:</b> Friday, September 03, 2010 2:21 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> pharmwaste-bounces@lists.dep.state.fl.us<br>
<b>Subject:</b> Response to: Plant take up drugs, antibacterials from biosolids
used as fertilizer<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><o:p> </o:p></p>
<div style='border:solid #D5D7C1 1.0pt;padding:6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt 6.0pt'>
<h3 style='mso-margin-top-alt:0in;margin-right:0in;margin-bottom:0in;
margin-left:.5in;margin-bottom:.0001pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:11.5pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#321108'><a href="https://www.nscss.org/content/plants-take-drugs-antibacterials-biosolids-used-fertilizers#comment-780"><span class=hyperlink6><span style='font-size:12.5pt;border:solid #D5D7C1 1.0pt;
padding:6.0pt'>Biosolids</span></span></a></span><o:p></o:p></h3>
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<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><span style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#321108'>Submitted
by <a href="http://www.nebiosolids.org">Ned Beecher</a> on Thu, 09/02/2010 -
12:01.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style='margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.8pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>The
cited research by Wu et al. has several potential flaws, some of which are
noted at the end of the EHN article. Most notably, there is a history of
research showing that when you spike contaminants into biosolids/soil mixes in
the lab to assess their impacts in a biosolids land application scenario, plant
uptake and other results (such as reductions in plant growth) are exaggerated
(e.g O'Connor et al, 1990). </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style='margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.8pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>Other
considerations regarding the Wu et al. study: the solids content - about 2% -
was not typical of land-applied biosolids; the pH was low (5.1), which could
have caused some Mn or Al toxicity; the biosolids application rate appears to
have been higher than a typical application rate; and this was a pot study. All
of these factors could confound the findings when compared to a field-scale
study using unadulterated biosolids.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style='margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.8pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>Also,
the research and the EHN article do not put the concentrations taken up by the
plants in any context. Triclosan, an antimicrobial that was part of the study,
is found in Colgate Total Advance Toothpaste at 0.3% or 3 million parts per
billion. That is going into people's mouths directly. The concentrations
measured in plant tissue by Wu et al. reached a maximum of around 200 ppb.
Further, this particular compound has been in use for decades - so it has been
in biosolids for that long. This is nothing new. What is new, is that we are
now able to measure minute concentrations in just about any medium.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style='margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.8pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>Lastly:
current biosolids research is focused on ever smaller risks. One hundred years
ago, people in American cities died of cholera due to lack of sewage treatment.
Forty years ago, there were some legitimate concerns about the high
concentrations of heavy metals being applied to soils in biosolids; these concerns
were addressed through research, risk assessment, regulations, and industrial
pretreatment that have dramatically reduced heavy metal concentrations. Focus
on industrial chemicals in biosolids has been ongoing, with similar increases
in understanding and, where necessary (rarely), regulation. As of yet, hundreds
of research studies on pharmaceuticals and personal care product chemicals in
biosolids have indicated no clear public health risk, but more research is
needed to assess potential small-scale ecological risks. But, unlike metals,
the vast majority of trace organic chemicals are broken down in soils. </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style='margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.8pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>There is
a newly-released literature review on the topic of trace constituents
(microconstituents) in biosolids applied to soils: see http://www.weao.org/committees/biosolids/biosolids.html.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p style='margin-left:.5in;line-height:16.8pt;background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:black'>Biosolids
application to soil is a common practice. It takes advantage of the nutrients
and organic matter, which soils need. I use biosolids compost in my home
garden, and I don't see this new study as a reason to stop doing so. Feel free
to call or write if you would like to discuss further:
ned.beecher@nebiosolids.org or 603-323-7654.</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in;background:white'><span style='font-size:9.0pt;font-family:"Verdana","sans-serif";color:#321108'>» </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>I have submitted this response on behalf of
Ned Beecher, Director of Northeast Biosolids and Residuals Association (NEBRA)</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'> </span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><em><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Patricia A. Hannon, Supervisor</span></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><em><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Residuals Management Section</span></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='margin-left:.5in'><em><b><span style='font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>NH Department of Environmental Services</span></b></em><o:p></o:p></p>
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